Wide range coupling

ABSTRACT

A coupling includes a body defining a first body end, the body defining a body bore extending into the first body end, the body bore defining an axis; and a joint restraint assembly including a restraint base coupled to the body, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket; a gripper disposed within the restraint pocket, the gripper configured to rotate within the restraint pocket to engage a pipe end of a pipe length when the pipe end is inserted into the body bore; and a spring engaging the gripper, the spring biasing the gripper inwards towards the axis.

REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/649,022, filed Jul. 13, 2017, which is hereby specifically incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to pipe couplings. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a pipe coupling for use with a wide range of pipe diameters.

BACKGROUND

Pipe couplings are commonly used to connect two pipe lengths together to form a pipe connection assembly, such as when installing a pipe system or pipe infrastructure. Some pipe couplings can be time consuming or difficult to install. For example, some pipe couplings require tightening of numerous bolts around the pipe coupling. The bolts often must be tightened in a pattern, such as a star pattern, to ensure that pressure from the bolts is evenly distributed over the pipe connection assembly to provide for a reliable and uniform seal. Uneven tightening of the bolts can cause a poor seal and leaking of the pipe connection assembly. Limited access, such as when installing a pipe connection assembly in a trench, can also make it difficult to access each of the individual bolts for tightening.

Additionally, many pipe couplings and gaskets of the pipe couplings can only accommodate a narrow range of pipe sizes. For example, a pipe coupling or gasket manufactured to American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards may not be compatible with a pipe length manufactured to Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS). A 6″ nominal pipe length manufactured to JIS can define an outside diameter of 165.2 mm while a 6″ nominal pipe length manufactured to ASME standards can define an outside diameter of 168.3 mm. Many common pipe couplings and gaskets cannot tolerate the range of outside diameters between standards, nominal pipe sizes, excessive manufacturing tolerance, or ovality of the pipe lengths without developing leaks or failing to seal.

SUMMARY

It is to be understood that this summary is not an extensive overview of the disclosure. This summary is exemplary and not restrictive, and it is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of the disclosure nor delineate the scope thereof. The sole purpose of this summary is to explain and exemplify certain concepts of the disclosure as an introduction to the following complete and extensive detailed description.

Disclosed is a coupling comprising a body defining a first body end, the body defining a body bore extending into the first body end, the body bore defining an axis; and a joint restraint assembly comprising a restraint base coupled to the body, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket; a gripper disposed within the restraint pocket, the gripper configured to rotate within the restraint pocket to engage a pipe end of a pipe length when the pipe end is inserted into the body bore; and a spring engaging the gripper, the spring biasing the gripper inwards towards the axis.

Also disclosed is a pipe connection assembly comprising a coupling comprising a body defining a first body end, the body defining a body bore extending into the first body end, the body bore defining an axis; and a joint restraint assembly comprising a restraint base coupled to the body, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket; a gripper disposed within the restraint pocket, the gripper configured to rotate within the restraint pocket to engage a pipe end of a pipe length when the pipe end is inserted into the body bore; and a spring engaging the gripper, the spring biasing the gripper inwards towards the axis; and a pipe length defining a pipe end, the pipe end inserted into the body bore through the first body end, the gripper engaging the pipe length when the joint restraint assembly is in an activated configuration.

Also disclosed is a method of forming a pipe connection between a pipe length and a coupling, the method comprising inserting a pipe end of the pipe length into a body bore of the coupling through a first body end of the coupling, the body bore extending into the coupling from the first body end, the body bore defining an axis; and engaging a gripper of a joint restraint assembly with the pipe length to axially restrain the pipe length relative to the axis and prevent withdrawal of the pipe end from the body bore, a restraint base of the joint restraint assembly coupled to the first body end, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket, the gripper positioned within the restraint pocket, a spring of the joint restraint assembly biasing the gripper to engage the pipe length.

Various implementations described in the present disclosure may include additional systems, methods, features, and advantages, which may not necessarily be expressly disclosed herein but will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. It is intended that all such systems, methods, features, and advantages be included within the present disclosure and protected by the accompanying claims. The features and advantages of such implementations may be realized and obtained by means of the systems, methods, features particularly pointed out in the appended claims. These and other features will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or may be learned by the practice of such exemplary implementations as set forth hereinafter.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The features and components of the following figures are illustrated to emphasize the general principles of the present disclosure. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Corresponding features and components throughout the figures may be designated by matching reference characters for the sake of consistency and clarity.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a pipe connection assembly in accordance with one aspect of the present disclosure, the pipe connection assembly comprising a first pipe length, a second pipe length, and a wide range coupling shown in an engaged position.

FIG. 2 is cross-sectional view of the pipe connection assembly of FIG. 1 with the wide range coupling in a disengaged position taken along line 2-2 shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pipe connection assembly of FIG. 1 with the wide range coupling in the engaged position taken along line 2-2 shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a first end ring, a first bearing, and a first gasket assembly of the wide range coupling of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is an end view of the gasket assembly of the wide range coupling of FIG. 1 facing an axially outer gasket surface of a gasket of the gasket assembly.

FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view of the gasket assembly of the wide range coupling of FIG. 1 taken along line 6-6 shown in FIG. 5.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of another aspect of the pipe connection assembly comprising another aspect of the wide range coupling in accordance with another aspect of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is cross sectional view of the pipe connection assembly of FIG. 7 taken along line 8-8 shown in FIG. 7 with the wide range coupling in a disengaged position.

FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view of the pipe connection assembly of FIG. 7 taken along line 8-8 shown in FIG. 7 with the wide range coupling in the engaged position.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure can be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description, examples, drawings, and claims, and the previous and following description. However, before the present devices, systems, and/or methods are disclosed and described, it is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the specific devices, systems, and/or methods disclosed unless otherwise specified, and, as such, can, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects only and is not intended to be limiting.

The following description is provided as an enabling teaching of the present devices, systems, and/or methods in its best, currently known aspect. To this end, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize and appreciate that many changes can be made to the various aspects of the present devices, systems, and/or methods described herein, while still obtaining the beneficial results of the present disclosure. It will also be apparent that some of the desired benefits of the present disclosure can be obtained by selecting some of the features of the present disclosure without utilizing other features. Accordingly, those who work in the art will recognize that many modifications and adaptations to the present disclosure are possible and can even be desirable in certain circumstances and are a part of the present disclosure. Thus, the following description is provided as illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure and not in limitation thereof.

As used throughout, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “an element” can include two or more such elements unless the context indicates otherwise.

Ranges can be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another aspect includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another aspect. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.

For purposes of the current disclosure, a material property or dimension measuring about X or substantially X on a particular measurement scale measures within a range between X plus an industry-standard upper tolerance for the specified measurement and X minus an industry-standard lower tolerance for the specified measurement. Because tolerances can vary between different materials, processes and between different models, the tolerance for a particular measurement of a particular component can fall within a range of tolerances.

As used herein, the terms “optional” or “optionally” mean that the subsequently described event or circumstance can or cannot occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.

The word “or” as used herein means any one member of a particular list and also includes any combination of members of that list. Further, one should note that conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain aspects include, while other aspects do not include, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more particular aspects or that one or more particular aspects necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular aspect.

Disclosed are components that can be used to perform the disclosed methods and systems. These and other components are disclosed herein, and it is understood that when combinations, subsets, interactions, groups, etc. of these components are disclosed that while specific reference of each various individual and collective combinations and permutation of these may not be explicitly disclosed, each is specifically contemplated and described herein, for all methods and systems. This applies to all aspects of this application including, but not limited to, steps in disclosed methods. Thus, if there are a variety of additional steps that can be performed it is understood that each of these additional steps can be performed with any specific aspect or combination of aspects of the disclosed methods.

Disclosed is a wide range coupling and associated methods, systems, devices, and various apparatus. The wide range coupling can comprise a body, a first end ring, a second end ring, a first gasket, and a second gasket. It would be understood by one of skill in the art that the disclosed wide range coupling is described in but a few exemplary embodiments among many. No particular terminology or description should be considered limiting on the disclosure or the scope of any claims issuing therefrom.

FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a pipe connection assembly 100 which can comprise a first pipe length 102 a, a second pipe length 102 b, and a wide range coupling 110. In the present aspect shown in FIG. 1, the wide range coupling 110 can be in an engaged position. The pipe lengths 102 a,b are shown as short lengths of pipe for exemplary purposes; however, the length of each pipe length 102 a,b is not limiting. The wide range coupling 110 can comprise a body 112, a first end ring 116 a, a second end ring 116 b, and a spreader mechanism 120. The body 112 can define a first body end 114 a and a second body end 114 b, and the first body end 114 a can be disposed opposite from the second body end 114 b on the body 112.

The first end ring 116 a can be positioned over the first body end 114 a, and the second end ring 116 b can be positioned over the second body end 114 b. The first end ring 116 a and the second end ring 116 b can each mechanically engage the spreader mechanism 120. The end rings 116 a,b can each be configured to axially telescope inwards and outwards along the body 112 relative to an axis 101 of the body 112. The spreader mechanism 120 can be configured to control the telescoping of the end rings 116 a,b along the body 112.

In the present aspect, the spreader mechanism 120 can comprise a jack bolt 122. The jack bolt 122 can comprise a first side 123 a, a second side 123 b, and a hex portion 124 positioned between the first side 123 a and the second side 123 b. The first side 123 a can define a first threaded portion 126 a, and the second side 123 b can define a second threaded portion 126 b. The first threaded portion 126 a can be threaded opposite from the second threaded portion 126 b. For example and without limitation, the first threaded portion 126 a can be a right-hand thread, and the second threaded portion 126 b can be a left-hand thread. In other aspects, the first threaded portion 126 a can be a left-hand thread, and the second threaded portion 126 b can be a right-hand thread.

The first end ring 116 a can comprise a first spreader bracket 118 a which can receive the first side 123 a of the jack bolt 122. The first spreader bracket 118 a can be internally threaded complimentary to the first threaded portion 126 a of the jack bolt 122, and the first spreader bracket 118 a can threadedly engage the first threaded portion 126 a of the jack bolt 122. For example and without limitation, the first spreader bracket 118 a can define internal right-hand threads.

The second end ring 116 b can comprise a second spreader bracket 118 b which can receive the second side 123 b of the jack bolt 122. The second spreader bracket 118 b can be internally threaded complimentary to the second threaded portion 126 b of the jack bolt 122, and the second spreader bracket 118 b can threadedly engage the second threaded portion 126 b of the jack bolt 122. For example and without limitation, the second spreader bracket 118 b can define internal left-hand threads.

Because of the opposite threading patterns of the first threaded portion 126 a and the second threaded portion 126 b, rotating the jack bolt 122 in an engagement direction can axially telescope the first end ring 116 a and the second end ring 116 b outward along the axis 101 relative to the body 112 and away from one another. For example and without limitation, in the present aspect, the engagement direction can be a clockwise rotational direction when the wide range coupling 110 is viewed facing the first end ring 116 a. Rotating the jack bolt 122 in a disengagement direction, opposite from the engagement direction, can axially telescope the first end ring 116 a and the second end ring 116 b inwards along the axis 101 relative to the body 112 and towards one another. A user can rotate the jack bolt 122 by turning the hex portion 124 with a tool, such as a wrench.

In the present aspect, the jack bolt 122 may not be axially restrained relative to the axis 101; however, in other aspects, the jack bolt 122 can be axially restrained. For example, in some aspects, the hex portion 124 can be axially restrained between a pair of body ears (not shown) which can extend radially outward from the body 112. Each of the body ears can define a slot or hole, and the first side 123 a and the second side 123 b can extend through the respective slots or holes, thereby securing the hex portion 124 between the body ears. In the present aspect, the spreader mechanism 120 and the end rings 116 a,b can be rotationally restrained about the axis 101 relative to the body 112. In other aspects, the spreader mechanism 120 and the end rings 116 a,b may not be rotationally restrained.

The wide range coupling 110 can further comprise a first bearing 128 a and a second bearing 128 b. The first bearing 128 a can be captured between the body 112 and the first end ring 116 a. The second bearing 128 b can be captured between the body 112 and the second end ring 116 b. The bearings 128 a,b can be configured to reduce friction and prevent binding between the respective end rings 116 a,b and the body 112 when the end rings 116 a,b axially telescope along the body 112.

The first bearing 128 a can comprise a plurality of ball bearings 130 a. In the present aspect, the ball bearings 130 a can be retained on a wire 134 a which can extend circumferentially around the body 112 proximate to the first body end 114 a. The first end ring 116 a can define a plurality of circumferentially spaced bearing apertures 132 a. Each of the ball bearings 130 a can be positioned within a different one of the bearing apertures 132 a. The wire 134 a can extend through each of the ball bearings 130 a in a substantially circumferential direction, and the ball bearings 130 a can roll along the body 112 in an axial direction.

The second bearing 128 b can comprise a plurality of ball bearings 130 b. In the present aspect, the ball bearings 130 b can be retained on a wire 134 b which can extend circumferentially around the body 112 proximate to the second body end 114 b. The second end ring 116 b can define a plurality of circumferentially spaced bearing apertures 132 b. Each of the ball bearings 130 b can be positioned within a different one of the bearing apertures 132 b. The wire 134 b can extend through each of the ball bearings 130 b in a substantially circumferential direction, and the ball bearings 130 b can roll along the body 112 in an axial direction.

FIG. 2 is a cross-section of the pipe connection assembly 100 taken along line 2-2 shown in FIG. 1. In the aspect shown, the wide range coupling 110 can be in a disengaged position rather than the engaged position shown in FIG. 1. The first pipe length 102 a can define an inner surface 204 a and an outer surface 202 a. The first pipe length 102 a can define a first pipe end 206 a and a second pipe end 208 a. The first pipe end 206 a can be disposed opposite from the second pipe end 208 a. The inner surface 204 a of the first pipe length 102 a can define a first pipe bore 209 a extending through the first pipe length 102 a from the first pipe end 206 a to the second pipe end 208 a. The first pipe bore 209 a can be coaxial to the axis 101.

The second pipe length 102 b can define an inner surface 204 b and an outer surface 202 b. The second pipe length 102 b can define a first pipe end 206 b and a second pipe end 208 b. The first pipe end 206 b can be disposed opposite from the second pipe end 208 b. The inner surface 204 b of the second pipe length 102 b can define a second pipe bore 209 b extending through the second pipe length 102 b from the first pipe end 206 b to the second pipe end 208 b. The second pipe bore 209 b can be coaxial to the axis 101.

The body 112 can define an inner surface 212 and an outer surface 213. The inner surface 212 can define a body bore 201 extending through the body 112 from the first body end 114 a to the second body end 114 b. The body bore 201 can define the axis 101. The body 112 can define an annular body wall 211, a first body shoulder 214 a, and a second body shoulder 214 b. The annular body wall 211 can extend from the first body end 114 a to the second body end 114 b. The annular body wall 211 can be substantially tubular in shape. The first body shoulder 214 a can be disposed at the first body end 114 a, and the first body shoulder 214 a can extend radially inward into the body bore 201 with respect to the axis 101. A radially inner portion of the first body shoulder 214 a can define a first body aperture 215 a of the body bore 201. The second body shoulder 214 b can be disposed at the second body end 114 b, and the second body shoulder 214 b can extend radially inward into the body bore 201 with respect to the axis 101. A radially inner portion of the second body shoulder 214 b can define a second body aperture 215 b of the body bore 201.

The first end ring 116 a can define a first annular ring wall 216 a and a first ring shoulder 217 a. The first annular ring wall 216 a can extend around a portion of the annular body wall 211 disposed proximate to the first body end 114 a. The first annular ring wall 216 a can be disposed radially outward from the annular body wall 211, and the first bearing 128 a can be captured between the first annular ring wall 216 a and the annular body wall 211. The first annular ring wall 216 a can define an outer ring side 230 a and an inner ring side 232 a. The inner ring side 232 a can be disposed axially inward from the outer ring side 230 a relative to the axis 101. The outer ring side 230 a can extend axially outwards beyond the first body end 114 a of the body 112. The first ring shoulder 217 a can be defined proximate to the outer ring side 230 a, and the first ring shoulder 217 a can extend radially inward from first annular ring wall 216 a. A radially inner portion of the first ring shoulder 217 a can define a first ring aperture 234 a. In the present aspect, the first ring aperture 234 a can be disposed radially outward from the first body aperture 215 a; however in other aspects, the first ring aperture 234 a can be disposed radially inward or flush with the first body aperture 215 a.

The second end ring 116 b can define a second annular ring wall 216 b and a second ring shoulder 217 b. The second annular ring wall 216 b can extend around a portion of the annular body wall 211 disposed proximate to the second body end 114 b, and the second bearing 128 b can be captured between the second annular ring wall 216 b and the annular body wall 211. The second annular ring wall 216 b can be disposed radially outward from the annular body wall 211. The second annular ring wall 216 b can define an outer ring side 230 b and an inner ring side 232 b. The inner ring side 232 b can be disposed axially inward from the outer ring side 230 b relative to the axis 101. The outer ring side 230 b can extend axially outwards beyond the second body end 114 b of the body 112. The second ring shoulder 217 b can be defined proximate to the outer ring side 230 b, and the second ring shoulder 217 b can extend radially inward from second annular ring wall 216 b. A radially inner portion of the second ring shoulder 217 b can define a second ring aperture 234 b. In the present aspect, the second ring aperture 234 b can be disposed radially outward from the second body aperture 215 b; however in other aspects, the second ring aperture 234 b can be disposed radially inward or flush with the second body aperture 215 b.

The first spreader bracket 118 a can be attached to the first annular ring wall 216 a, and the first spreader bracket 118 a can extend radially outward from the first end ring 116 a. The second spreader bracket 118 b can be attached to the second annular ring wall 216 b, and the second spreader bracket 118 b can extend radially outward from the second end ring 116 b. Each spreader bracket 118 a,b can respectively comprise a base 218 a,b and a nut 219 a,b. In the present aspect, each base 218 a,b can be welded to the respective end ring 116 a,b; however in other aspects, the bases 218 a,b can be monolithically formed with the respective end ring 116 a,b or fastened with any other known mechanism. Each nut 219 a,b can be welded to the respective base 218 a,b; however, in other aspects, the spreader brackets 118 a,b may not comprise the nuts 219 a,b. In such aspects, the bases 218 a,b can each define internal threads.

In the present aspect, the nuts 219 a,b can each define internal threading 226 a,b formed complimentary to the adjacent threaded portions 126 a,b of the jack bolt 122. For example, in the present aspect, the internal threading 226 a can be internal right-hand threads configured to threadedly engage the external right-hand threads of the first threaded portion 126 a, and the internal threading 226 b can be internal left-hand threads configured to threadedly engage the external left-hand threads of the second threaded portion 126 b.

The wide range coupling 110 can further comprise a first gasket assembly 270 a and a second gasket assembly 270 b. The first gasket assembly 270 a can be substantially axially fixed relative to the first end ring 116 a, and the second gasket assembly 270 b can be substantially axially fixed relative to the second end ring 116 b. The first gasket assembly 270 a can comprise a first gasket 272 a and one or more first connectors. The first connectors, as represented by a first connector 278 a, can each define a first connector end 282 a and a second connector end 280 a. The second connector end 280 a can be attached to the first gasket 272 a. In the present aspect, the second connector end 280 a can be embedded within the first gasket 272 a.

The first connector end 282 a can engage the first end ring 116 a. The first ring shoulder 217 a can define one or more ring connector openings, as represented by a ring connector opening 288 a, and the first body shoulder 214 a can define one or more body connector openings, as represented by a body connector opening 286 a. The body connector opening 286 a can align with the ring connector opening 288 a, and the first connector end 282 a can extend through the body connector opening 286 a and the ring connector opening 288 a. A fastener, such as a spring clip 284 a, can be attached to the first connector end 282 a to prevent withdrawal of the first connector end 282 a through the ring connector opening 288 a. By extending through the body connector opening 286 a and the ring connector opening 288 a, the first connector 278 a can limit rotation of the first end ring 116 a relative to the body 112 about the axis 101.

The first connector 278 a can extend axially inward from the first end ring 116 a into the body bore 201. In the present aspect, the first connector 278 a can define an angled orientation relative to the axis 101. The first connector 278 a can extend radially and axially inward from the first connector end 282 a to the second connector end 280 a relative to the axis 101 in part because the ring connector opening 288 a can be positioned radially outward from the body connector opening 286 a with respect to the axis 101. In other aspects, the first connector 278 a can be oriented substantially parallel to the axis 101, and the first connector 278 a may not extend radially inward or outward from the first connector end 282 a to the second connector end 280 a. In other aspects, the first connector 278 a can extend radially outward and axially inward from the first connector end 282 a to the second connector end 280 a relative to the axis 101.

The first gasket 272 a can be disposed within the body bore 201. The first gasket 272 a can be shaped as an annular ring. The first gasket 272 a can define a radially inner lip 274 a and a radially outer lip 276 a. The radially inner lip 274 a can define a gasket bore 275 a of the first gasket 272 a. In the present aspect, the second connector end 280 a can be embedded within the first gasket 272 a proximate to the radially outer lip 276 a. In other aspects, the second connector end 280 a can extend through the first gasket 272 a.

The second gasket assembly 270 b can comprise a second gasket 272 b and one or more second connectors. The second connectors, as represented by a second connector 278 b, can each define a first connector end 282 b and a second connector end 280 b. The second connector end 280 b can be attached to the second gasket 272 b. In the present aspect, the second connector end 280 b can be embedded within the second gasket 272 b.

The first connector end 282 b can engage the second end ring 116 b. The second ring shoulder 217 b can define one or more ring connector openings, as represented by a ring connector opening 288 b, and the second body shoulder 214 b can define one or more body connector openings, as represented by a body connector opening 286 b. The body connector opening 286 b can align with the ring connector opening 288 b, and the first connector end 282 b can extend through the body connector opening 286 b and the ring connector opening 288 b. A fastener, such as a spring clip 284 b, can be attached to the first connector end 282 b to prevent withdrawal of the first connector end 282 b through the ring connector opening 288 b. By extending through the body connector opening 286 b and the ring connector opening 288 b, the second connector 278 b can limit rotation of the second end ring 116 b relative to the body 112 about the axis 101.

The second connector 278 b can extend axially inward from the second end ring 116 b into the body bore 201. In the present aspect, the second connector 278 b can define the angled orientation relative to the axis 101. The second connector 278 b can extend radially and axially inward from the first connector end 282 b to the second connector end 280 b relative to the axis 101 in part because the ring connector opening 288 b can be positioned radially outward from the body connector opening 286 b with respect to the axis 101. In other aspects, the second connector 278 b can be oriented substantially parallel to the axis 101, and the second connector 278 b may not extend radially inward or outward from the first connector end 282 b to the second connector end 280 b. In other aspects, the second connector 278 b can extend radially outward and axially inward from the first connector end 282 b to the second connector end 280 b relative to the axis 101.

The second gasket 272 b can be disposed within the body bore 201. The second gasket 272 b can be shaped as an annular ring. The second gasket 272 b can define a radially inner lip 274 b and a radially outer lip 276 b. The radially inner lip 274 b can define a gasket bore 275 b of the second gasket 272 b. In the present aspect, the second connector end 280 b can be embedded within the second gasket 272 b proximate to the radially outer lip 276 b. In other aspects, the second connector end 280 b can extend through the second gasket 272 b.

As previously stated, the wide range coupling 110 is shown in the disengaged position in FIG. 2. In the disengaged position, the first pipe ends 206 a,b of the pipe lengths 102 a,b extend through the respective body apertures 215 a,b and ring apertures 234 a,b, and the first pipe ends 206 a,b contact the radially inner lips 274 a,b of the gaskets 272 a,b, respectively, in the aspect shown. In other aspects, either or both of the gaskets 272 a,b may not contact the respective pipe length 102 a,b in the disengaged position. In the disengaged position, the end rings 116 a,b and gasket assemblies 270 a,b can be positioned in an axially innermost position, and in the present aspect, the ring shoulders 217 a,b can contact the adjacent body shoulders 214 a,b, respectively.

In the present aspect, the first pipe ends 206 a,b can be positioned within the gasket bores 275 a,b of the gaskets 272 a,b, respectively, in the disengaged position. In some aspects, such as when the pipe lengths 102 a,b exceed the gasket bores 275 a,b in diameter by a significant margin, the first pipe ends 206 a,b may not be positioned within the gasket bores 275 a,b in the disengaged position. In such aspects, contact between the first pipe ends 206 a,b can deflect the radially inner lips 274 a,b axially inward towards one another. In such aspect, telescoping the end rings 116 a,b axially outwards can draw the gaskets 272 a,b and stretch the radially inner lips 274 a,b over the first pipe ends 206 a,b, respectively.

Once the radially inner lips 274 a,b are stretched over the first pipe ends 206 a,b, the radially inner lips 274 a,b can form a seal with the outer surfaces 202 a,b of the pipe lengths 102 a,b, respectively, and the radially outer lips 276 a,b can from a seal with the body bore 201 of the body 112. The gaskets 272 a,b can be compressed between the outer surfaces 202 a,b of the respective pipe lengths 102 a,b and the body bore 201 of the body 112.

FIG. 3 is a cross-section of the pipe connection assembly 100 taken along line 2-2 shown in FIG. 1. In the aspect shown, the wide range coupling 110 can be in the engaged position shown in FIG. 1. The wide range coupling 110 can be actuated about and between the engaged position and the disengaged position by the spreader mechanism 120. By rotating the hex portion 124 of the spreader mechanism 120 in the engagement direction, the threaded portions 126 a,b of the hex portion 124 drive the spreader brackets 118 a,b and the end rings 116 a,b axially outwards relative to the axis 101, thereby causing the end rings 116 a,b to telescope axially outwards along outer surface 213 of the body 112. In the current aspect, the hex portion 124 is shaped similar to a hex-shaped nut. In other aspects, the spreader mechanism 120 can define a different shaped portion 124 that can be rotated using a tool, such as a hole defined through the jack bolt 122 that can be rotating by inserting a rod therethrough and moving the rod to rotate the jack bolt 122. In other aspects, the jack bolt 122 can be rotated from either end of the jack bolt 122 instead of between the sides 123 a,b of the jack bolt 122.

In the engaged position, the end rings 116 a,b can be positioned in an axially outermost position relative to the body 112. The outer ring sides 230 a,b can extend axially outwards beyond the body 112, and the inner ring sides 232 a,b and the bearings 128 a,b can remain positioned around the body ends 114 a,b, respectively, of the body 112. The bearings 128 a,b can be configured to roll and reduce friction between the annular ring walls 216 a,b and the annular body wall 211 when the end rings 116 a,b telescope along the body 112. The bearings 128 a,b can also be configured to prevent tilting of the end rings 116 a,b relative to the body 112 which can cause binding between the end rings 116 a,b and the body 112. In other aspects, the wide range coupling 110 can comprise a second spreader mechanism 120 or a guide rod assembly (not shown) positioned across the axis 101 and opposite from the spreader mechanism 120 in order to prevent tilting and binding of the end rings 116 a,b relative to the body 112.

The axially outward telescoping of the end rings 116 a,b along the body 112 can also telescope the respective gasket assemblies 270 a,b axially outward within the body bore 201. The spring clips 284 of the first connector ends 282 a,b can respectively engage the ring shoulders 217 a,b, thereby telescoping the gasket assemblies 270 a,b outwards in unison with the adjacent end rings 116 a,b. In the engaged position, the first connector ends 282 a,b can extend through the ring openings 288 a,b, respectively, and the second connector ends 280 a,b can extend through the body openings 286 a,b, respectively.

The outward telescoping of the end rings 116 a,b relative to the body 112 can be limited by contact between the gaskets 272 a,b and the body shoulders 214 a,b, respectively. Each gasket 272 a,b can define an axially outer gasket surface 372 a,b which can be respectively engaged with an axially inner shoulder surface 314 a,b defined by the body shoulders 214 a,b. By rotating the jack bolt 122 in the engagement direction until snug, the axially outer gasket surface 372 a,b can be compressed with the adjacent axially inner shoulder surface 314 a,b to form a seal between the gasket 272 a,b and the adjacent body shoulder 214 a,b.

A rounded transition surface 376 a can be defined between the annular body wall 211 and the first body shoulder 214 a, and a rounded transition surface 376 b can be defined between the annular body wall 211 and the second body shoulder 214 b. The rounded transition surfaces 376 a,b can be configured to deform the radially outer lips 276 a,b of the respective gaskets 272 a,b when the wide range coupling 110 is in the engaged position. The rounded transition surfaces 376 a,b can cooperate with the angled orientation of the connectors 278 a,b which apply a tensile force on the respective gaskets 272 a,b axially and radially outward relative to the axis 101 in order to deform the radially outer lips 276 a,b, respectively, and to provide a better seal with the body bore 201. The deformation of the radially outer lips 276 a,b can further compress the gasket 272 a,b and energize the seals formed between the radially outer lips 276 a,b and the body bore 201 as well as the seals formed between the axially inner shoulder surfaces 314 a,b and the respective axially outer gaskets surfaces 372 a,b. In some aspects, the body bore 201 can taper towards the body shoulders 214 a,b to further compress the gaskets 272 a,b between the body bore 201 of the body 112 and the outer surfaces 202 a,b of the pipe lengths 102 a,b.

Rotating the jack bolt 122 in the disengagement direction can telescope the end rings 116 a,b and the gasket assemblies 270 a,b axially inward along the body 112. Each connector 278 a,b can define a stepped shoulder 387 a,b, respectively, disposed proximate to the first connector ends 282 a,b. The stepped shoulders 387 a,b can be sized larger than the ring openings 288 a,b, thereby preventing the ring openings 288 a,b from passing over the stepped shoulders 387 a,b and travelling down the connectors 278 a,b towards the second connector ends 280 a,b. Consequently, when the end rings 116 a,b are telescoped axially inwards, engagement between the stepped shoulders 387 a,b and the ring shoulders 217 a,b causes the gasket assemblies 270 a,b to telescope axially inward in unison with the end rings 116 a,b. In some aspects, lock nuts (not shown) can be placed over the sides 123 a,b of the jack bolt 122 and threadedly engaged with the threaded portions 126 a,b. The lock nuts can be tightened against the spreader brackets 118 a,b to prevent further movement of the spreader mechanism 120, such as to prevent disengagement of the wide range coupling 110 once placed in the engaged position.

With the wide range coupling 110 secured in the engaged position, the first pipe length 102 a, the first gasket 272 a, the body 112, the second gasket 272 b, and the second pipe length 102 b can define a sealed cavity 301. The sealed cavity 301 can connect the first pipe bore 209 a in fluid communication with the second pipe bore 209 b, thereby coupling the first pipe length 102 a to the second pipe length 102 b.

The ability of the radially inner lip 274 a,b of the gaskets 272 a,b to stretch over the pipe ends 206 a,b allows the wide range coupling 110 to be compatible with a range of pipe diameters. In the present aspect, the gaskets 272 a,b can be nominal 6″ gaskets, and the gaskets 272 a,b can be compatible with pipe lengths 102 a,b defining an outer diameter between 6.5″ to 7.6″, for example and without limitation. In other aspects, the gaskets 272 a,b can be a different size, such as a 2″ to a 24″ nominal size. The range of compatible pipe diameters allows the gaskets 272 a,b to be used with different pipe lengths 102 a,b manufactured to different standards or to be used with pipe lengths 102 a,b of different nominal sizes. For example and without limitation, the nominal 6″ gaskets of the wide range coupling 110 can couple a 6″ nominal pipe to a 7″ nominal pipe. The gaskets 272 a,b can also reliably seal around pipe lengths 102 a,b which are significantly out-of-round.

To allow for pipes lengths 102 a,b of different nominal sizes, a gap G₁ is defined between the first body aperture 215 a and the outer surface 202 a of the first pipe length 102 a. A gap G₂ is defined between the second body aperture 215 b and the outer surface 202 b of the second pipe length 102 b. The radially inner lips 274 a,b of the gaskets 272 a,b can be sufficiently stiff and resilient to seal the gaps G₁,G₂ without deflecting axially outwards through the gaps G₁, G₂ when the sealed cavity 301 is pressurized, such as by a fluid.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of an end ring 116 such as the first end ring 116 a and the second end ring 116 b, a bearing 128 such as the first bearing 128 a and the second bearing 128 b, and a gasket assembly 270 such as the first gasket assembly 270 a and the second gasket assembly 270 b of the wide range coupling 110 of FIG. 1. In the present aspect, the first end ring 116 a, the first bearing 128 a, and the first gasket assembly 270 a can also be representative of the second end ring 116 b, the second bearing 128 b, and the second gasket assembly 270 b with the exception of the threading direction of the internal threading 226 a,b which can be threaded opposite from one another.

The annular ring wall 216 can define an axially inner surface 410. A bearing groove 414 can be defined into the axially inner surface 410, and the bearing groove 414 can be configured to receive the bearing wire 114. Each of the ball bearings 130 can be received by a different one of the bearing apertures 132. In the present aspect, each of the bearing apertures 132 can be sized larger than the ball bearings 130, and the ball bearings 130 can freely spin on the bearing wire 114 within the bearing apertures 132. The bearing apertures 132 and the bearing groove 414 can axially fix the bearing 128 relative to the end ring 116. The end ring 116 can define a slot 418 extending from the inner ring side 232 axially outwards to the spreader bracket 118. The bearing wire 114 can define end hooks 428 which can be configured to engage the slot 418 to rotationally fix the bearing wire 114 relative to the end ring 116.

The end ring 116 can define a plurality of annular ring wall openings 416. The annular ring wall openings 416 can reduce a weight of each end ring 116 while also providing viewing access to the pipe length 102 (shown in FIG. 3) and the gasket assembly 270 (shown in FIG. 3) when the wide range coupling 110 (shown in FIG. 3) is in the engaged position. The annular ring wall openings 416 are oval-shaped in the current aspect. In other aspects, the annular ring wall openings 416 can define any desired shape, such as circles or squares.

Each of the connectors 278 can define a clip groove 482 disposed between the first connector end 282 and the stepped shoulder 387 of each respective connector 278. The clip grooves 482 can each be configured to receive a different one of the spring clips 284 in order to engage the ring shoulder 217 between the spring clip 284 and the stepped shoulder 387.

In the present aspect, the gasket 272 can define a plurality of voids 472 arranged in a radial pattern around the gasket bore 275. Each void 472 can comprise a plurality of interconnected blind holes 474. In the present aspect, blind holes 474 can increase in diameter from the radially inner lip 274 towards the radially outer lip 276. In other aspects, the voids 472 can be arranged in a different pattern, such as circumferentially, and the voids 472 can define a different shape, such as a slot, groove, oval, or any other suitable shape. The voids 472 can be configured to facilitate stretching of the radially inner lip 274 over the pipe length 102 (shown in FIG. 3) and compression of the gasket 272 between the pipe length 102 and the body bore 201 (shown in FIG. 3).

FIG. 5 is an end view of the gasket assembly 270 of FIG. 2 facing the axially outer gasket surface 372. The gasket assembly 270 can further comprise a stiffener 572 which can be embedded within the gasket 272. The stiffener 572 can define a stiffener ring 576 and a plurality of fingers 574 extending radially inward from the stiffener ring 576 towards the radially inner lip 274. The fingers 574 can each be positioned between a different pair of the voids 472.

The stiffener ring 576 can be configured to provide rigidity for portions of the gasket 272 positioned between the connectors 278, and the stiffener ring 576 can minimized or eliminate axial distortion of the gasket 272 when telescoping between the body bore 201 and the pipe length 102 (shown in FIG. 3). The stiffener ring 576 can define connector slots 578, and each connector 278 can extend through a different one of the connector slots 578. In the present aspect, the connector slots 578 can be U-shaped. In other aspects, the connector slots 578 can be enclosed apertures.

The fingers 574 can provide axial rigidity for the radially inner lip 274. The fingers 574 can prevent the radially inner lip 274 from rolling axially outward through the gaps G_(1,2), (shown in FIG. 3) thereby preventing leaking of fluids between the radially inner lip 274 and the outer surface 202 (shown in FIG. 3) of the pipe length 102 (shown in FIG. 3) when the wide range coupling 110 (shown in FIG. 3) is in the engaged position. A slender profile of each finger 574 can allow the fingers 574 to roll axially inward, such as when stretching the radially inner lip 274 over the pipe end 206 (shown in FIG. 3) of the pipe length 102, while providing sufficient stiffness to support the radially inner lip 274 in the engaged position.

FIG. 6 is a cross-section of the gasket assembly 270 of FIG. 2 taken along line 6-6 shown in FIG. 5. Each connector 278 can define a flanged head 680 disposed at the second connector end 280. Each flanged head 680 can engage a different one of the connector slots 578 to distribute a tension force from each connector 278 circumferentially around the gasket 272 through the stiffener 572 when drawing and telescoping the gasket 272 over the pipe length 102 (shown in FIG. 3).

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the pipe connection assembly 100 comprising another aspect of the wide range coupling 110. The aspect of the wide range coupling 110 of FIG. 1 can be an unrestrained wide range coupling wherein the pipe lengths 102 a,b are not mechanically restrained in an axial direction relative to the wide range coupling 110 except by friction from the gaskets 272 a,b (shown in FIG. 2). The aspect of the wide range coupling 110 of FIG. 7 can be a restrained wide range coupling which can comprise joint restraint assemblies 734. The joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b (joint restraint assemblies 734 a shown in FIG. 8) can be configured to mechanically restrain the pipe lengths 102 a,b to the wide range coupling 110. The joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b are further described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/490,926, filed Apr. 19, 2017, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

The joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b can be attached to the body shoulders 214 a,b (body shoulder 214 a shown in FIG. 8) of the body 112. In place of the ring shoulders 217 a,b (shown in FIG. 2), the end rings 116 a,b can define ring shoulder tabs, as represented by the ring shoulder tabs 717 b. The joint restraint assemblies 734 b can extend outwards between the ring shoulder tabs 717 b when the wide range coupling 110 is in the disengaged position as shown in FIG. 7. In other aspects, the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b can be attached to the end rings 116 a,b.

In the present aspect, a deactivation mechanism 736 can be positioned around either or both of the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b, which can place the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b in a deactivated configuration. The deactivation mechanism 736 can be removed from the respective joint restraint assembly 734 a,b to place the joint restraint assembly 734 a,b in an activated configuration. In the present aspect, the ring shoulder tabs 717 b can be configured to remove the deactivation mechanism 736 from the joint restraint assemblies 734 b when telescoped axially outward to the engaged position, or the deactivation mechanism 736 can be manually removed by cutting the deactivation mechanism 736 or slipping the deactivation mechanism off of the joint restraint assemblies 734 b.

FIG. 8 is a cross-section of the pipe connection assembly 100 of FIG. 7 taken along line 8-8 shown in FIG. 7. The wide range coupling 110 is shown in the disengaged position. The joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b can each respectively comprise a restraint base 834 a,b, a gripper 832 a,b, and a spring clip 833 a,b. The restraint bases 834 a,b can be attached to the respective body shoulders 214 a,b. In the present aspect, the restraint bases 834 a,b can be radially movable along the body shoulders 214 a,b relative to the axis 101. As shown, the restraint bases 834 a can be translated radially inwards towards the first pipe length 102 a compared to the position of the restraint bases 834 b. Translating the restraint bases 834 a,b radially inward and outwards can increase a range of compatible pipe diameters which the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b can accommodate.

The restraint bases 834 a,b can each define a restraint pocket 840 a,b and a restraint pivot 842 a,b disposed within the respective restraint pocket 840 a,b. The grippers 832 a,b can each be positioned within a different one of the respective restraint pockets 840 a,b, and the grippers 832 a,b can be configured to rotate around the respective restraint pivots 842 a,b. The grippers 832 a,b can each define a plurality of gripping protuberances 830 a,b, such as teeth or ribs, which can be configured to engage and dig into the outer surface 202 a,b of the respective pipe lengths 102 a,b. The spring clips 833 a,b can be positioned within the restraint pockets 840 a,b, and the spring clips 833 a,b can bias the grippers 832 a,b to engage the gripping protuberances 830 a,b with the outer surface 202 a,b of the pipe lengths 102 a,b, respectively.

In the present aspect, the joint restraint assemblies 734 a can be in the activated configuration, and the grippers 832 a can engage and dig into outer surface 202 a of the first pipe length 102 a. With the gripping protuberances 830 a of the grippers 832 a engaging the outer surface 202 a of the first pipe length 102 a, the first pipe end 206 a of the first pipe length 102 a can be prevented from withdrawing from the body bore 201 of the body 112. In the present aspect, the grippers 832 a may not resist insertion of the first pipe end 206 a of the first pipe length 102 a into the body bore 201 because the grippers 832 a can rotate with the first pipe length 102 a to permit insertion in the activated configuration. However, a shape of the restraint pockets 840 a can prevent the grippers 832 a from further rotating past the activated configuration to permit withdrawal of the first pipe length 102 a. In the activated configuration, the grippers 832 a can be substantially perpendicular to the outer surface 202 a, and interference between the grippers 832 a and the restraint bases 834 a prevents further rotation of the grippers 832 a about the restraint pivots 842 a, thereby preventing the gripping protuberances 830 a from disengaging the outer surface 202 a.

As previously discussed, the deactivation mechanism 736 can place the joint restraint assemblies 734 b in the deactivated configuration. The deactivation mechanism 736 can be an elastic member, such as an O-ring, a rubber band, a bungee cord, or any other suitable elastic member. The deactivation mechanism 736 can act on the grippers 832 b opposite from the spring clips 833 b. The deactivation mechanism 736 can overpower the spring clips 833 b to bias the grippers 832 b to rotate around the restraint pivots 842 b away from engagement with the outer surface 202 b of the second pipe length 102 b. In other aspects, the deactivation mechanism 736 can be inelastic, and the deactivation mechanism 736 can be cinched snugly around the joint restraint assemblies 734 b, such as by tying, tensioning, or strapping the deactivation mechanism around the joint restraint assemblies 734 b. With the joint restraint assemblies 734 b in the deactivated configuration and the grippers 832 b rotated out of engagement with the second pipe length 102 b, the first pipe end 206 b of the second pipe length 102 b can freely be withdrawn from the body bore 201 of the body 112.

FIG. 9 is a cross-section of the pipe connection assembly 100 of FIG. 7 taken along line 8-8 shown in FIG. 7 with the wide range coupling 110 in the engaged position. In the engaged position, the end rings 116 a,b can extend axially outwards over the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b, and the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b can be positioned between the respective body shoulders 214 a,b and the respective ring shoulder tabs 717 a,b. The annular ring walls 216 a,b can cover and protect the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b, such as to prevent debris from entering the restraint pockets 840 a,b which could interfere with rotation of the grippers 832 a,b. In the present aspect, the annular ring wall openings 416 can provide access to the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b in the engaged position, such as to manually deactivate the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b. In other aspects, the annular ring walls 216 a,b may not define the annular ring wall openings 416 which can be desirable to provide further coverage and protection of the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b.

In practice, each pipe length 102 a,b can be stabbed into the body bore 201 of the wide range coupling 110 with the wide range coupling 110 in the disengaged position and the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b held in the deactivated configuration by a pair of deactivation mechanisms, such as the deactivation mechanism 736 shown in FIG. 8. The gaskets 272 a,b of the gasket assemblies 270 a,b can contact the first pipe ends 206 a,b of the pipe lengths 102 a,b to provide a positive stop for the pipe lengths 102 a,b. The body bore 201 can define a center ridge 901 which can extend radially inward into the body bore 201. In some aspects, the center ridge 901 can be configured to contact the first pipe ends 206 a,b to provide a positive stop for the pipe lengths 102 a,b; however in the aspect shown, the center ridge 901 may not be configured to contact the pipe lengths 102 a,b. In some aspects, the center ridge 901 can function to provide stiffness to the body 112, such as if the body 112, in some aspects, defines handles or has handles attached to the body 112.

Once the first pipe ends 206 a,b of the pipe lengths 102 a,b are stabbed into the body bore 201, the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b can be placed in the active configuration to prevent restrain the pipe lengths 102 a,b, thereby preventing withdrawal of the pipe lengths 102 a,b from the body bore 201. With the pipe lengths 102 a,b restrained, the spreader mechanism 120 (shown in FIG. 1) can be operated to axially telescope the end rings 116 a,b and gasket assemblies 270 a,b outwards along the body 112, thereby drawing the gaskets 272 a,b over the first pipe ends 206 a,b. The joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b can resist an axially outward force exerted on the pipe lengths 102 a,b by the gasket assemblies 270 a,b, thereby preventing the pipe lengths 102 a,b from backing out or withdrawing during engagement of the wide range coupling 110. Alternatively, the spreader mechanism 120 can be operated prior to activating the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b, and the ring shoulder tabs 717 a,b can strip the deactivation mechanisms 736 off of the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b during axially outward telescoping of the end rings 116 a,b, thereby automatically activating the joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b.

The joint restraint assemblies 734 a,b are only a single example of a restraint mechanism. Other existing restraint mechanisms are known in the art and can be adapted to the wide range coupling 110 for restrained applications. For example and without limitation, grippers can be mounted to screws configured to translate the grippers radially inward and outward to engage the pipe lengths 102 a,b.

In the present aspect, the body 112, end rings 116 a,b, restraint bases 834 a,b, and grippers 832 a,b can comprise a metal, such as cast iron, ductile iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, or any other suitable material, such as a plastic. The gaskets 272 a,b can comprise an elastomeric material, such as rubber, silicone, neoprene, nitrile rubber, ethylene-propylene diene monomer, fluorocarbon elastomer, or any other suitable materials.

The wide range coupling 110 can accommodate pipe lengths 102 a,b of any common material. For example and without limitation, the pipe lengths 102 a,b can comprise a metal such as steel, iron, copper, or another metal, plastic such as polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, or another plastic, a composite such as fiberglass, or any other suitable material. The wide range coupling 110 can join pipe lengths 102 a,b comprising the same or dissimilar materials.

One should note that conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more particular embodiments or that one or more particular embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment.

It should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments are merely possible examples of implementations, merely set forth for a clear understanding of the principles of the present disclosure. Any process descriptions or blocks in flow diagrams should be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps in the process, and alternate implementations are included in which functions may not be included or executed at all, may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present disclosure. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiment(s) without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the present disclosure. Further, the scope of the present disclosure is intended to cover any and all combinations and sub-combinations of all elements, features, and aspects discussed above. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of the present disclosure, and all possible claims to individual aspects or combinations of elements or steps are intended to be supported by the present disclosure. 

That which is claimed is:
 1. A coupling comprising: a body defining a first body end, the body defining a body bore extending into the first body end, the body bore defining an axis; and a joint restraint assembly comprising: a restraint base coupled to the body, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket; a gripper disposed within the restraint pocket, the gripper configured to rotate within the restraint pocket to engage a pipe end of a pipe length when the pipe end is inserted into the body bore; and a spring engaging the gripper, the spring biasing the gripper inwards towards the axis.
 2. The coupling of claim 1, wherein the coupling further comprises a gasket positioned within the body bore, and wherein the gasket is configured to form a seal with the pipe length.
 3. The coupling of claim 2, wherein: the body defines a body shoulder positioned at the first body end; the body defines a ridge within the body bore; and the gasket is positioned between the body shoulder and the ridge.
 4. The coupling of claim 2, wherein: the gasket defines a radially inner lip; the gripper defines at least one protuberance at an engagement end of the gripper; and the engagement end of the gripper is positioned radially outward from the radially inner lip when the joint restraint assembly is in a deactivated configuration.
 5. The coupling of claim 1, wherein the body defines a second body end opposite from the first body end, and wherein the body bore extends through the body from the first body end to the second body end.
 6. The coupling of claim 5, further comprising: a first gasket positioned within the body bore; and a second gasket positioned within the body bore, the second gasket positioned between the first gasket and the second body end.
 7. The coupling of claim 1, wherein the restraint base is coupled to the first body end.
 8. A pipe connection assembly comprising: a coupling comprising: a body defining a first body end, the body defining a body bore extending into the first body end, the body bore defining an axis; and a joint restraint assembly comprising: a restraint base coupled to the body, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket; a gripper disposed within the restraint pocket, the gripper configured to rotate within the restraint pocket to engage a pipe end of a pipe length when the pipe end is inserted into the body bore; and a spring engaging the gripper, the spring biasing the gripper inwards towards the axis; and a pipe length defining a pipe end, the pipe end inserted into the body bore through the first body end, the gripper engaging the pipe length when the joint restraint assembly is in an activated configuration.
 9. The pipe connection assembly of claim 8, wherein the coupling further comprises a gasket, and wherein the gasket forms a seal between the body and the pipe length.
 10. The pipe connection assembly of claim 8, wherein: the body defines a second body end opposite from the first body end; the body bore extends through the body from the first body end to the second body end; the joint restraint assembly is a first joint restraint assembly; the coupling further comprises a second joint restraint assembly coupled to the second body end; the pipe length is a first pipe length; the pipe connection assembly further comprises a second pipe length inserted into the body bore through the second body end; and the second joint restraint assembly engages the second pipe length.
 11. The pipe connection assembly of claim 8, wherein the joint restraint assembly axially restrains the pipe length relative to the axis and prevents withdrawal of the pipe end from the body bore.
 12. The pipe connection assembly of claim 8, wherein a restraint pivot is defined within the restraint pocket, and wherein the gripper is rotatable about the restraint pivot.
 13. The pipe connection assembly of claim 8, wherein: the pipe length defines an outer surface; the gripper defines at least one protuberance at an engagement end of the gripper; and the at least one protuberance engaging the outer surface when the joint restraint assembly is in an activated configuration.
 14. The pipe connection assembly of claim 13, wherein the at least one protuberance digs into the outer surface when the gripper is in a final engagement position.
 15. A method of forming a pipe connection between a pipe length and a coupling, the method comprising: inserting a pipe end of the pipe length into a body bore of the coupling through a first body end of the coupling, the body bore extending into the coupling from the first body end, the body bore defining an axis; and engaging a gripper of a joint restraint assembly with the pipe length to axially restrain the pipe length relative to the axis and prevent withdrawal of the pipe end from the body bore, a restraint base of the joint restraint assembly coupled to the first body end, the restraint base defining a restraint pocket, the gripper positioned within the restraint pocket, a spring of the joint restraint assembly biasing the gripper to engage the pipe length.
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein engaging the gripper of the joint restraint assembly with the pipe length comprises rotating the gripper within the restraint pocket from a disengaged position to an initial engagement position wherein an engagement end of the gripper contacts an outer surface of the pipe length.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein rotating the gripper within the restraint pocket from a disengaged position to the initial engagement position comprises rotating the gripper about a restraint pivot defined by the restraint base.
 18. The method of claim 16, wherein engaging the gripper of the joint restraint assembly with the pipe length further comprises rotating the gripper within the restraint pocket from the initial engagement position to a final engagement position wherein at least one protuberance defined by the gripper at the engagement end engages the outer surface of the pipe length.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein rotating the gripper within the restraint pocket from the initial engagement position to the final engagement position comprises digging the at least one protuberance into the outer surface.
 20. The method of claim 15, further comprising sealing a pipe bore of the pipe length in fluid communication to the body bore with a gasket of the coupling. 